![]() These rays were so mysterious that Roentgen named them 'x-rays.' He received the first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901 for this discovery. ![]() In crucial experiments performed by Philipp Lenard beginning in 1893, the glass tube was fitted with a thin aluminum. These three kinds of radiation-α particles, β particles, and γ rays-are readily distinguished by the way they are deflected by an electric field and by the degree to which they penetrate matter. Wilhelm Roentgen of Germany, while conducting experiments with cathode rays, accidentally discovers a new and different kind of ray. Experiments conducted in the late 19th century on cathode rays (radiation emitted when a voltage is applied between two metal plates in a glass tube filled with low-pressure gas) led to the discovery of electrons and X-rays. In 1897 he reported that cathode rays were actually negatively charged particles in motion he argued that the charged particles weighed much less than the. (Relative deflections are not shown to scale.) Image used with Permission (CC BY-SA-NC). Uncharged γ rays are unaffected by an electric field. They debated whether the rays were waves or particles, as they seemed to exhibit some of the properties of both. Rutherfords experiments led to the discovery of the. In Rutherfords experiments, most of the particles. This module takes readers through experiments with cathode ray tubes that led to the discovery of the first subatomic particle: the electron. Whose experiment bombarded gold foil with positively charged particles and noted that some particles were widely deflected. A negative electrode deflects negatively charged β particles, whereas a positive electrode deflects positively charged α particles. Experiments with cathode rays led to the discovery of the. \): Effect of an Electric Field on α Particles, β Particles, and γ Rays.
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